• مطالعات اقتصادی مرتبط با حاملهای انرژی (فسیلی، تجدیدپذیر و برق)
Fazlolah Ghafarian; Zakariya Farajzadeh
Abstract
Pollutants emissions intensity in Iran which is mainly originated from energy consumption is higher than those of the global one. In this context, the current study aims at investigating emissions intensity determinants in the Iranian economy. To get the objective, decomposition analysis (index decomposition ...
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Pollutants emissions intensity in Iran which is mainly originated from energy consumption is higher than those of the global one. In this context, the current study aims at investigating emissions intensity determinants in the Iranian economy. To get the objective, decomposition analysis (index decomposition technique) was applied to decompose the energy intensity to its components. Then, the determinants of emissions intensity were examined using the regression model. The selected pollutants are NOx, SO2, CO, CO2. The data were related to 1367-96 (1988-2017). The results for all pollutants revealed that emission coefficient (emission per unit of energy) and energy intensity in services and manufacturing sectors have the highest contribution to emissions intensity. The findings suggested that the manufacturing sector plays a central role in SO2 emissions and a 1% increase in emission coefficient and energy intensity in the sector will increase emissions intensity by 0.6 and 0.5%, respectively. The services sector has a more important role in the emissions of the remaining pollutants and the corresponding values are 0.8% and 0.45-0.9%, respectively. Furthermore, urbanization could increase emissions intensity significantly. However, economy openness failed to affect emissions intensity significantly..
Hamid Amadeh; Alireza Ghafari; Zakaria Farajzadeh
Volume 4, Issue 13 , January 2015, , Pages 33-62
Abstract
The second step of subsidies targeting program which is coupled with energy price reform, has multiple effects on the economy. One of the major effects is the welfare and environmental changes in the country. This study intends to analyze the environmental and welfare effects of energy price reform using ...
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The second step of subsidies targeting program which is coupled with energy price reform, has multiple effects on the economy. One of the major effects is the welfare and environmental changes in the country. This study intends to analyze the environmental and welfare effects of energy price reform using a general equilibrium model. There are two scenarios of income redistribution. First, redistribution of whole income among households equally and second, redistribution of income in accordance with the subsidies targeting law. In this model, Iran's economy consists of 26 section. Households are considered separately for urban and rural in income deciles. Production factors, includs skilled labor, unskilled labor and capital. Energy carriers include electricity, natural gas, LPG, petrol, kerosene, fuel oil, and gasoline. The first scenario, leads to about 16 percent welfare increase in urban households and 53 percent to rural household. The second scenario, provides welfare increase about 3 percent for urban households and 25 percent to rural household. Considering environmental effects it is found that energy price reform is effective in reducing emissions, in total.
